Julius Caesar — Act 1, Scene 2
original text and modern English, side by side
The same. A public place · Caesar, Casca, Calphurnia, Antony, Soothsayer, Brutus, Cassius
During the feast of Lupercal, a soothsayer warns Caesar to beware the ides of March and Caesar dismisses him. While Caesar watches the games, Cassius works on Brutus, arguing that Caesar is no better than either of them and that Rome is sliding into one-man rule; offstage the crowd roars three times as Antony offers Caesar a crown and Caesar refuses it, then collapses in a fit. Casca reports it all sourly afterwards, and Cassius, left alone, plans to forge letters from citizens to push Brutus into the conspiracy.
Enter, in procession, with music, Caesar; Antony, for the course; Calphurnia, Portia, Decius, Cicero, Brutus, Cassius and Casca; a great crowd following, among them a Soothsayer.
Caesar
Calphurnia.
Calphurnia.
Casca
Peace, ho!
Quiet, everyone!
Caesar speaks.
Caesar is speaking.
Music ceases.
Caesar
Calphurnia.
Calphurnia.
Calphurnia
Here, my lord.
I'm here, my lord.
Caesar
Stand you directly in Antonius’ way,
When he doth run his course.
Make sure you stand right in Antony's path when he runs the race.
Antonius.
Antony.
Antony
Caesar, my lord?
Yes, Caesar, my lord?
Caesar
Forget not in your speed, Antonius,
To touch Calphurnia;
Antony, when you're running, don't forget to touch Calphurnia.
for our elders say,
The barren, touched in this holy chase,
Shake off their sterile curse.
Our elders say that a barren woman touched during this sacred race is freed from the curse of childlessness.
Antony
I shall remember.
I'll remember.
When Caesar says “Do this,” it is perform’d.
When Caesar says do something, it's as good as done.
Caesar
Set on;
Move on —
and leave no ceremony out.
and don't skip any part of the ritual.
Music.
Soothsayer
Caesar!
Caesar!
Caesar
Ha!
What?
Who calls?
Who's calling me?
Casca
Bid every noise be still;
Silence, all of you!
peace yet again!
Quiet again!
Music ceases.
Caesar
Who is it in the press that calls on me?
Who is that in the crowd calling for me?
I hear a tongue shriller than all the music,
Cry “Caesar”!
I hear a voice cutting through the music, shouting "Caesar!"
Speak.
Speak up.
Caesar is turn’d to hear.
Caesar is listening.
Soothsayer
Beware the Ides of March.
Beware the ides of March.
Caesar
What man is that?
Who is that man?
Brutus
A soothsayer bids you beware the Ides of March.
A fortune-teller, warning you to beware the ides of March.
Caesar
Set him before me;
Bring him in front of me.
let me see his face.
I want to see his face.
Cassius
Fellow, come from the throng;
You there, step out of the crowd.
look upon Caesar.
Look at Caesar.
Caesar
What say’st thou to me now?
What is it you're saying to me?
Speak once again.
Say it again.
Soothsayer
Beware the Ides of March.
Beware the ides of March.
Caesar
He is a dreamer;
The man's a dreamer.
let us leave him.
Leave him.
Pass.
Move on.
Sennet. Exeunt all but Brutus and Cassius.
Cassius
Will you go see the order of the course?
Aren't you coming to watch the race?
Brutus
Not I.
Not me.
Cassius
I pray you, do.
Please, come along.
Brutus
I am not gamesome:
I'm not in a playful mood.
I do lack some part
Of that quick spirit that is in Antony.
I don't have that lively streak Antony has.
Let me not hinder, Cassius, your desires;
Don't let me hold you back from what you want, Cassius.
I’ll leave you.
I'll leave you to it.
Cassius
Brutus, I do observe you now of late:
Brutus, I've been watching you lately.
I have not from your eyes that gentleness
And show of love as I was wont to have.
I don't get the warmth from you, the sign of affection, that I used to.
You bear too stubborn and too strange a hand
Over your friend that loves you.
You've been treating a friend who loves you with a stiff, distant hand.
Brutus
Cassius,
Be not deceived:
Cassius, don't misread me.
if I have veil’d my look,
I turn the trouble of my countenance
Merely upon myself.
If I've hidden my feelings behind a blank face, it's because I'm turning my troubles inward, on myself.
Vexed I am
Of late with passions of some difference,
Conceptions only proper to myself,
Which give some soil perhaps to my behaviors;
Lately I've been pulled in different directions by feelings that concern only me, and it has probably soured how I come across.
But let not therefore my good friends be grieved
(Among which number, Cassius, be you one)
Nor construe any further my neglect,
Than that poor Brutus, with himself at war,
Forgets the shows of love to other men.
But don't let my good friends be hurt by it — and count yourself among them, Cassius — or read anything more into my distance than this: poor Brutus is at war with himself, and has forgotten to show his affection for anyone else.
Cassius
Then, Brutus, I have much mistook your passion;
By means whereof this breast of mine hath buried
Thoughts of great value, worthy cogitations.
Then I've badly misjudged what you were feeling, Brutus — and because of that I've kept some important thoughts buried in my chest, ideas worth thinking about.
Tell me, good Brutus, can you see your face?
Tell me, good Brutus: can you see your own face?
Brutus
No, Cassius, for the eye sees not itself
But by reflection, by some other thing.
No, Cassius. The eye can only see itself in a reflection, in something outside it.
Cassius
’Tis just:
Exactly.
And it is very much lamented, Brutus,
That you have no such mirrors as will turn
Your hidden worthiness into your eye,
That you might see your shadow.
And it's a real shame, Brutus, that you have no mirror to show you the worth you don't know you have, so you could see your own image.
I have heard
Where many of the best respect in Rome,
(Except immortal Caesar) speaking of Brutus,
And groaning underneath this age’s yoke,
Have wish’d that noble Brutus had his eyes.
I've heard many of the most respected men in Rome — everyone except the immortal Caesar, of course — speak about Brutus while groaning under the burden of these times, and wish that noble Brutus could see himself the way they see him.
Brutus
Into what dangers would you lead me, Cassius,
That you would have me seek into myself
For that which is not in me?
What kind of danger are you leading me toward, Cassius, that you want me to search inside myself for something that isn't there?
Cassius
Therefore, good Brutus, be prepared to hear;
Then get ready to listen, good Brutus.
And since you know you cannot see yourself
So well as by reflection, I, your glass,
Will modestly discover to yourself
That of yourself which you yet know not of.
Since you admit you can't see yourself except by reflection, I'll be your mirror, and show you — without exaggerating — the part of yourself you don't yet know about.
And be not jealous on me, gentle Brutus:
And don't be suspicious of me, gentle Brutus.
Were I a common laugher, or did use
To stale with ordinary oaths my love
To every new protester; if you know
That I do fawn on men, and hug them hard,
And after scandal them; or if you know
That I profess myself in banqueting,
To all the rout, then hold me dangerous.
If I were the sort who laughs at everything, or who cheapened my friendship with easy vows to every new acquaintance; if you know me to flatter men and embrace them warmly and then slander them afterwards; or if you know that at banquets I hand out my friendship to the whole crowd — then go ahead and consider me dangerous.
Flourish and shout.
Brutus
What means this shouting?
What's all that shouting?
I do fear the people
Choose Caesar for their king.
I'm afraid the people are making Caesar their king.
Cassius
Ay, do you fear it?
Afraid, are you?
Then must I think you would not have it so.
Then I take it you don't want it to happen.
Brutus
I would not, Cassius; yet I love him well,
No, I don't, Cassius — even though I care for him.
But wherefore do you hold me here so long?
But why are you keeping me here so long?
What is it that you would impart to me?
What is it you want to tell me?
If it be aught toward the general good,
Set honour in one eye and death i’ the other,
And I will look on both indifferently;
If it has anything to do with the public good, put honour in front of one eye and death in front of the other, and I'll look at them both without flinching.
For let the gods so speed me as I love
The name of honour more than I fear death.
As the gods are my witness, I love the name of honour more than I fear dying.
Cassius
I know that virtue to be in you, Brutus,
As well as I do know your outward favour.
I know that virtue is in you, Brutus, as surely as I know your face.
Well, honour is the subject of my story.
Well — honour is exactly what my story is about.
I cannot tell what you and other men
Think of this life;
I don't know what you or other men think about this life,
but, for my single self,
I had as lief not be as live to be
In awe of such a thing as I myself.
but speaking for myself, I'd rather not exist at all than live in awe of someone no better than me.
I was born free as Caesar; so were you;
I was born as free as Caesar, and so were you.
We both have fed as well, and we can both
Endure the winter’s cold as well as he:
We've eaten as well as he has, and we can stand the winter cold as well as he can.
For once, upon a raw and gusty day,
The troubled Tiber chafing with her shores,
Caesar said to me, “Dar’st thou, Cassius, now
Leap in with me into this angry flood,
And swim to yonder point?”
Once, on a raw, windy day, when the Tiber was churning against its banks, Caesar said to me, "Cassius, do you dare jump into this angry river with me and swim to that point over there?"
Upon the word,
Accoutred as I was, I plunged in,
And bade him follow: so indeed he did.
The moment he said it, I plunged in fully dressed and told him to follow — and he did.
The torrent roar’d, and we did buffet it
With lusty sinews, throwing it aside
And stemming it with hearts of controversy.
The current roared, and we fought it with strong strokes, shoving it aside and pushing through with defiant hearts.
But ere we could arrive the point propos’d,
Caesar cried, “Help me, Cassius, or I sink!”
But before we could reach the spot he'd picked, Caesar shouted, "Help me, Cassius, or I'll drown!"
I, as Aeneas, our great ancestor,
Did from the flames of Troy upon his shoulder
The old Anchises bear, so from the waves of Tiber
Did I the tired Caesar.
Just as our great ancestor Aeneas carried old Anchises out of the flames of Troy on his shoulders, I carried the exhausted Caesar out of the Tiber.
And this man
Is now become a god; and Cassius is
A wretched creature, and must bend his body,
If Caesar carelessly but nod on him.
And this man has now become a god — while Cassius is a wretch who has to bow if Caesar so much as nods carelessly in his direction.
He had a fever when he was in Spain,
And when the fit was on him I did mark
How he did shake:
He had a fever once in Spain, and when it took hold I watched him shake.
’tis true, this god did shake:
It's true — this god shook.
His coward lips did from their colour fly,
And that same eye whose bend doth awe the world
Did lose his lustre.
His cowardly lips lost their colour, and that famous eye whose glance overawes the world went dull.
I did hear him groan:
I heard him groan.
Ay, and that tongue of his, that bade the Romans
Mark him, and write his speeches in their books,
Alas, it cried, “Give me some drink, Titinius,”
As a sick girl.
Yes, and that tongue of his, the one that ordered Romans to listen and write his speeches down, cried out, "Titinius, get me something to drink," like a sick girl.
Ye gods, it doth amaze me,
A man of such a feeble temper should
So get the start of the majestic world,
And bear the palm alone.
Gods, it astounds me that a man so weakly built should have raced ahead of the whole magnificent world and taken the prize for himself.
Shout. Flourish.
Brutus
Another general shout?
Another roar from the crowd?
I do believe that these applauses are
For some new honours that are heap’d on Caesar.
I'm sure that applause is for some new honour being piled on Caesar.
Cassius
Why, man, he doth bestride the narrow world
Like a Colossus, and we petty men
Walk under his huge legs, and peep about
To find ourselves dishonourable graves.
Man, he stands astride this cramped world like a giant statue, and we ordinary men creep about under his enormous legs, glancing around for a dishonourable grave to fall into.
Men at some time are masters of their fates:
Men control their own destiny at some point or other.
The fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars,
But in ourselves, that we are underlings.
The failure, dear Brutus, isn't in the stars above us but in ourselves, for accepting a lower place.
“Brutus” and “Caesar”: what should be in that “Caesar”?
"Brutus" and "Caesar" — what's so special about "Caesar"?
Why should that name be sounded more than yours?
Why should that name be spoken louder than yours?
Write them together, yours is as fair a name;
Write them side by side: yours looks just as fine.
Sound them, it doth become the mouth as well;
Say them aloud: yours sounds just as good in the mouth.
Weigh them, it is as heavy;
Weigh them: they weigh the same.
conjure with ’em,
“Brutus” will start a spirit as soon as “Caesar.”
Use them in a spell: "Brutus" will raise a spirit as fast as "Caesar" will.
Now in the names of all the gods at once,
Upon what meat doth this our Caesar feed,
That he is grown so great?
Now, in the name of every god at once — what has this Caesar of ours been eating, to grow so huge?
Age, thou art sham’d!
What a disgraceful age this is.
Rome, thou hast lost the breed of noble bloods!
Rome, you've stopped producing noble men!
When went there by an age since the great flood,
But it was fam’d with more than with one man?
Has there been a single generation since Noah's flood that was famous for only one man?
When could they say, till now, that talk’d of Rome,
That her wide walls encompass’d but one man?
Until now, could anyone talking about Rome ever say that its broad walls held just one man inside?
Now is it Rome indeed, and room enough,
When there is in it but one only man.
There's certainly room enough in Rome now, when there's only one man in it.
O, you and I have heard our fathers say,
There was a Brutus once that would have brook’d
Th’ eternal devil to keep his state in Rome,
As easily as a king!
Oh, you and I have both heard our fathers say there was once a Brutus who would sooner have let the devil himself rule Rome than accept a king.
Brutus
That you do love me, I am nothing jealous;
That you love me, I have no doubt at all.
What you would work me to, I have some aim:
What you're trying to push me toward, I can guess.
How I have thought of this, and of these times,
I shall recount hereafter.
What I think about all this, and about the times we live in, I'll tell you later.
For this present,
I would not, so with love I might entreat you,
Be any further mov’d.
For now — and I'm asking as a friend — please don't press me any further.
What you have said,
I will consider;
I'll think about what you've said.
what you have to say
I will with patience hear;
What you still have to say, I'll hear out patiently,
and find a time
Both meet to hear and answer such high things.
and I'll find a time when we can properly discuss such serious things.
Till then, my noble friend, chew upon this:
Brutus had rather be a villager
Than to repute himself a son of Rome
Under these hard conditions as this time
Is like to lay upon us.
Until then, my noble friend, hold on to this thought: Brutus would rather be a peasant in some village than call himself a citizen of Rome under the harsh conditions this age is likely to force on us.
Cassius
I am glad that my weak words
Have struck but thus much show of fire from Brutus.
I'm glad my feeble words have struck even that much of a spark out of Brutus.
Enter Caesar and his Train.
Brutus
The games are done, and Caesar is returning.
The games are over, and Caesar is coming back.
Cassius
As they pass by, pluck Casca by the sleeve,
As they walk past, tug Casca's sleeve.
And he will, after his sour fashion, tell you
What hath proceeded worthy note today.
In that sour way of his, he'll tell you what happened today that was worth noticing.
Brutus
I will do so.
I will.
But, look you, Cassius,
The angry spot doth glow on Caesar’s brow,
And all the rest look like a chidden train:
But look, Cassius — there's an angry flush on Caesar's forehead, and everyone with him looks like a group that's just been scolded.
Calphurnia’s cheek is pale; and Cicero
Looks with such ferret and such fiery eyes
As we have seen him in the Capitol,
Being cross’d in conference by some senators.
Calphurnia's face is white, and Cicero has that sharp, blazing look in his eyes we've seen at the Capitol when senators argued him down in debate.
Cassius
Casca will tell us what the matter is.
Casca will tell us what it's about.
Caesar
Antonius.
Antony.
Antony
Caesar?
Yes, Caesar?
Caesar
Let me have men about me that are fat,
Sleek-headed men, and such as sleep a-nights:
I want men around me who are well fed — the smooth, comfortable sort who sleep soundly at night.
Yond Cassius has a lean and hungry look;
That Cassius over there has a thin, hungry look.
He thinks too much:
He thinks too much.
such men are dangerous.
Men like that are dangerous.
Antony
Fear him not, Caesar;
Don't be afraid of him, Caesar.
he’s not dangerous;
He isn't dangerous.
He is a noble Roman and well given.
He's a noble Roman with a good character.
Caesar
Would he were fatter!
I wish he were fatter.
But I fear him not:
Yet if my name were liable to fear,
I do not know the man I should avoid
So soon as that spare Cassius.
But I'm not afraid of him — though if I were the kind of man who felt fear, there's no one I'd steer clear of sooner than that lean Cassius.
He reads much,
He reads a great deal.
He is a great observer, and he looks
Quite through the deeds of men.
He watches everything, and he sees straight through what men do.
He loves no plays,
As thou dost, Antony; he hears no music.
He doesn't enjoy plays the way you do, Antony, and he takes no pleasure in music.
Seldom he smiles; and smiles in such a sort
As if he mock’d himself and scorn’d his spirit
That could be mov’d to smile at anything.
He rarely smiles, and when he does it's the sort of smile that mocks itself and despises its own weakness for finding anything amusing.
Such men as he be never at heart’s ease
Whiles they behold a greater than themselves,
And therefore are they very dangerous.
Men like that are never at peace while they see anyone above them, and that is exactly what makes them dangerous.
I rather tell thee what is to be fear’d
Than what I fear; for always I am Caesar.
I'm telling you what ought to be feared, not what I fear — because I am always Caesar.
Come on my right hand, for this ear is deaf,
Walk on my right side; this ear is deaf.
And tell me truly what thou think’st of him.
And tell me honestly what you make of him.
Exeunt Caesar and his Train. Casca stays.
Casca
You pull’d me by the cloak;
You pulled at my cloak.
would you speak with me?
Did you want to say something?
Brutus
Ay, Casca, tell us what hath chanc’d today,
That Caesar looks so sad.
Yes, Casca. Tell us what happened today that has left Caesar looking so grim.
Casca
Why, you were with him, were you not?
Why? You were right there with him, weren't you?
Brutus
I should not then ask Casca what had chanc’d.
If I had been, I wouldn't be asking you what happened.
Casca
Why, there was a crown offer’d him; and being offer’d him, he put it by
with the back of his hand, thus; and then the people fell a-shouting.
Well, someone offered him a crown, and when it was offered he pushed it away with the back of his hand, like this — and then the crowd started cheering.
Brutus
What was the second noise for?
What was the second round of cheering for?
Casca
Why, for that too.
The same thing.
Cassius
They shouted thrice:
They cheered three times.
what was the last cry for?
What was the last one for?
Casca
Why, for that too.
The same thing again.
Brutus
Was the crown offer’d him thrice?
The crown was offered three times?
Casca
Ay, marry, was’t, and he put it by thrice, every time gentler than
other; and at every putting-by mine honest neighbours shouted.
It certainly was, and he pushed it away three times, each time less firmly than the last — and every time he pushed it away, my honest neighbours cheered.
Cassius
Who offer’d him the crown?
Who offered him the crown?
Casca
Why, Antony.
Antony did.
Brutus
Tell us the manner of it, gentle Casca.
Tell us exactly how it went, good Casca.
Casca
I can as well be hang’d, as tell the manner of it:
You could hang me before I could describe it properly.
it was mere foolery;
I did not mark it.
The whole thing was nonsense; I wasn't paying attention.
I saw Mark Antony offer him a crown; yet ’twas not a
crown neither, ’twas one of these coronets; and, as I told you, he put
it by once: but, for all that, to my thinking, he would fain have had
it.
I saw Mark Antony offer him a crown — though it wasn't really a crown, more of a coronet — and as I said, he pushed it away once, though if you ask me he badly wanted it.
Then he offered it to him again: then he put it by again: but, to
my thinking, he was very loath to lay his fingers off it.
Then Antony offered it again, and he pushed it away again — but I could see he hated taking his fingers off it.
And then he
offered it the third time; he put it the third time by;
Then Antony offered it a third time, and a third time he refused.
and still, as
he refus’d it, the rabblement hooted, and clapp’d their chopt hands,
and threw up their sweaty night-caps, and uttered such a deal of
stinking breath because Caesar refus’d the crown, that it had, almost,
choked Caesar, for he swooned, and fell down at it.
Every time he refused, the rabble hooted and clapped their chapped hands and threw their sweaty nightcaps in the air and let out such a cloud of foul breath because Caesar was refusing the crown that it nearly choked him — he fainted and dropped to the ground.
And for mine own
part, I durst not laugh, for fear of opening my lips and receiving the
bad air.
As for me, I didn't dare laugh, in case I opened my mouth and breathed in the stink.
Cassius
But, soft! I pray you.
Wait, hold on.
What, did Caesar swoon?
Caesar fainted?
Casca
He fell down in the market-place, and foam’d at mouth, and was
speechless.
He fell down right in the marketplace, foaming at the mouth and unable to speak.
Brutus
’Tis very like:
That's likely enough.
he hath the falling-sickness.
He's an epileptic.
Cassius
No, Caesar hath it not;
No, Caesar doesn't have the falling sickness.
but you, and I,
And honest Casca, we have the falling-sickness.
You and I and honest Casca — we're the ones who are falling.
Casca
I know not what you mean by that;
I don't know what you mean by that,
but I am sure Caesar fell down.
but I'm certain Caesar fell down.
If
the tag-rag people did not clap him and hiss him, according as he
pleased and displeased them, as they use to do the players in the
theatre, I am no true man.
And if that rag-tag crowd didn't cheer him and jeer him depending on whether he pleased them, exactly the way they treat actors in the theatre, then I'm a liar.
Brutus
What said he when he came unto himself?
What did he say when he came round?
Casca
Marry, before he fell down, when he perceived the common herd was glad
he refused the crown, he pluck’d me ope his doublet, and offer’d them
his throat to cut.
Well — just before he collapsed, when he saw that the common herd was pleased he'd refused the crown, he tore open his shirt and offered them his throat to cut.
And I had been a man of any occupation, if I would
not have taken him at a word, I would I might go to hell among the
rogues.
If I'd been any sort of working man and hadn't taken him at his word, I hope I'd go to hell with the worst of them.
And so he fell.
And then he fell over.
When he came to himself again, he said, if he
had done or said anything amiss, he desir’d their worships to think it
was his infirmity.
When he came to, he said that if he'd done or said anything out of place, he begged their worships to put it down to his illness.
Three or four wenches where I stood cried, “Alas,
good soul!” and forgave him with all their hearts.
Three or four girls standing near me cried, "Oh, the poor soul!" and forgave him with all their hearts.
But there’s no heed
to be taken of them: if Caesar had stabb’d their mothers, they would
have done no less.
But you shouldn't put any weight on that — if Caesar had knifed their mothers, they'd have done the same.
Brutus
And, after that, he came thus sad away?
And after all that, he came away looking so grim?
Casca
Ay.
Yes.
Cassius
Did Cicero say anything?
Did Cicero say anything?
Casca
Ay, he spoke Greek.
Yes, he spoke in Greek.
Cassius
To what effect?
Meaning what?
Casca
Nay, and I tell you that, I’ll ne’er look you i’ the face again.
If I could tell you that, I'd never be able to look you in the face again.
But
those that understood him smil’d at one another and shook their heads;
But the people who understood him smiled at each other and shook their heads.
but for mine own part, it was Greek to me.
As for me, it was all Greek to me.
I could tell you more news
too: Marullus and Flavius, for pulling scarfs off Caesar’s images, are
put to silence.
I could tell you more news, too: Marullus and Flavius have been silenced for stripping the decorations off Caesar's statues.
Fare you well.
Goodbye to you.
There was more foolery yet, if I could
remember it.
There was more nonsense besides, if I could only remember it.
Cassius
Will you sup with me tonight, Casca?
Will you have supper with me tonight, Casca?
Casca
No, I am promis’d forth.
No, I have other plans.
Cassius
Will you dine with me tomorrow?
Dinner tomorrow, then?
Casca
Ay, if I be alive, and your mind hold, and your dinner worth the
eating.
Yes — if I'm still alive, and you haven't changed your mind, and the dinner's worth eating.
Cassius
Good.
Good.
I will expect you.
I'll expect you.
Casca
Do so;
Do that.
farewell both.
Goodbye, both of you.
Exit Casca.
Brutus
What a blunt fellow is this grown to be!
What a blunt fellow he's turned into.
He was quick mettle when he went to school.
He was sharp and lively when we were at school together.
Cassius
So is he now in execution
Of any bold or noble enterprise,
However he puts on this tardy form.
And he still is, whenever there's something bold or worthwhile to be done — however slow-witted he pretends to be.
This rudeness is a sauce to his good wit,
Which gives men stomach to digest his words
With better appetite.
This roughness is the seasoning on his intelligence; it gives people the appetite to swallow what he says.
Brutus
And so it is.
That's true.
For this time I will leave you:
I'll leave you for now.
Tomorrow, if you please to speak with me,
I will come home to you;
Tomorrow, if you want to talk, I'll come to your house
or, if you will,
Come home to me, and I will wait for you.
— or if you prefer, come to mine and I'll be waiting.
Cassius
I will do so:
I'll do that.
till then, think of the world.
Until then, think about the state of things.
Exit Brutus.
Cassius
Well, Brutus, thou art noble; yet I see,
Thy honourable metal may be wrought
From that it is dispos’d:
Well, Brutus, you are noble — but I can see that even honourable material like yours can be bent away from its natural shape.
therefore ’tis meet
That noble minds keep ever with their likes;
That's why noble minds should stay among their own kind:
For who so firm that cannot be seduc’d?
who is so solid that he can't be worked on?
Caesar doth bear me hard, but he loves Brutus.
Caesar can't stand me, but he loves Brutus.
If I were Brutus now, and he were Cassius,
He should not humour me.
If I were Brutus and he were Cassius, he wouldn't get around me.
I will this night,
In several hands, in at his windows throw,
As if they came from several citizens,
Writings, all tending to the great opinion
That Rome holds of his name; wherein obscurely
Caesar’s ambition shall be glanced at.
Tonight I'll throw letters in different handwritings through his windows, as though they came from various citizens, all of them talking up the high regard Rome has for his name — and each one hinting darkly at Caesar's ambition.
And after this, let Caesar seat him sure,
For we will shake him, or worse days endure.
After that, Caesar had better hold his seat tight, because we'll shake him loose or suffer worse days ahead.
Exit.
Julius Caesar Act 1, Scene 2 summary
During the feast of Lupercal, a soothsayer warns Caesar to beware the ides of March and Caesar dismisses him. While Caesar watches the games, Cassius works on Brutus, arguing that Caesar is no better than either of them and that Rome is sliding into one-man rule; offstage the crowd roars three times as Antony offers Caesar a crown and Caesar refuses it, then collapses in a fit. Casca reports it all sourly afterwards, and Cassius, left alone, plans to forge letters from citizens to push Brutus into the conspiracy.
Who appears in this scene
Caesar, Casca, Calphurnia, Antony, Soothsayer, Brutus, Cassius — The same. A public place.
Famous lines in Julius Caesar Act 1, Scene 2, explained
- “Beware the Ides of March.” (line 21)
- The ides of March is simply the Roman name for the 15th of the month, an ordinary date on the calendar until this play made it a byword for doom. A soothsayer shouts the warning out of the festival crowd, Caesar has him brought forward, hears it a second time, and writes him off as a dreamer — a small moment that establishes the pattern of the whole tragedy, in which Caesar is told exactly what is coming and refuses to act on it. He meets the soothsayer again on the day itself in 3.1, taunts him that the ides have come, and is told they are not yet gone.
- “The fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars, / But in ourselves, that we are underlings.” (line 146)
- Cassius rejects the idea that fate or astrology decides a man's rank: if he and Brutus are beneath Caesar, that is their own doing for putting up with it. It is the most quoted line in the play and the hinge of Cassius's argument, because it converts a complaint about Caesar into a demand for action from Brutus. Read in context it is also seduction rather than philosophy — Cassius is flattering Brutus's sense of his own agency to recruit him, and the play spends five acts testing whether men really do control their fate or only think they do.
- “Why, man, he doth bestride the narrow world / Like a Colossus, and we petty men / Walk under his huge legs, and peep about / To find ourselves dishonourable graves.” (line 141)
- The Colossus was a giant bronze statue at Rhodes, famous enough that Cassius can use it as shorthand for something monstrously oversized. He pictures Caesar straddling the world while everyone else scuttles between his legs looking for a shameful place to die. The image does two jobs at once: it makes Caesar sound superhuman, which is exactly the myth Cassius spends the rest of the speech dismantling with stories of Caesar drowning and shaking with fever, and it makes ordinary Romans sound humiliated, which is what Cassius needs Brutus to feel.
- “Yond Cassius has a lean and hungry look; / He thinks too much: such men are dangerous.” (line 200)
- Caesar sizes Cassius up in a single glance and gets him exactly right — the thin, unsatisfied man who reads too much, enjoys nothing, and can never be at ease around anyone above him. The judgment shows Caesar's real political intelligence, which makes the tragedy sharper: he sees the danger clearly and then does nothing about it, because admitting fear would contradict the god-like image he has built. "Lean and hungry look" has passed into everyday English for anyone who seems ambitious and discontented.
- “but for mine own part, it was Greek to me.” (line 279)
- Casca reports that Cicero spoke Greek at the ceremony and admits he understood none of it — the origin of the everyday phrase for anything incomprehensible. It is also a good joke about Casca himself, who plays the plain blunt Roman with no patience for intellectuals. Beneath the comedy, the moment matters: something was said that the educated men in the crowd understood well enough to exchange smiles and shake their heads over, and the audience, like Casca, never finds out what.
What happens in this scene
During the feast of Lupercal, Caesar's procession crosses a public square. He tells Antony to touch Calphurnia during the ritual race — the elders say it cures barrenness — when a soothsayer calls out from the crowd: 'Beware the ides of March.' Caesar has the man brought forward, hears the warning twice, dismisses him as 'a dreamer,' and moves on. Brutus and Cassius stay behind, and Cassius goes to work: he complains that Brutus has grown cold toward him, hears Brutus admit he is 'at war with himself,' and offers to be the mirror that shows Brutus his own hidden worth. Offstage the crowd roars, and Brutus blurts out his real fear — that the people are making Caesar king. Cassius seizes on it with two stories meant to shrink Caesar: he once had to haul the drowning Caesar out of the Tiber, and he watched him shake with fever in Spain, crying for a drink 'like a sick girl.' This weakling now bestrides the world like a Colossus — and the fault 'is not in the stars above us but in ourselves.'
Brutus won't commit, but he says enough: he would rather be a village peasant than live as a Roman under the conditions he sees coming. Caesar returns looking furious and privately tells Antony that Cassius has 'a thin, hungry look' and thinks too much — dangerous — though Caesar, being Caesar, fears no one. Casca then reports what happened at the games: Antony offered Caesar a coronet three times, Caesar refused it three times 'each time less firmly,' the crowd cheered every refusal, and Caesar collapsed in an epileptic fit. Cicero said something in Greek — 'it was all Greek to me' — and the tribunes Marullus and Flavius have been silenced for stripping Caesar's statues. Brutus agrees to meet Cassius tomorrow. Alone, Cassius tells us the plan: tonight he will throw forged letters in different handwritings through Brutus's windows, as if Rome itself were begging Brutus to act.
Why this scene matters
This is the scene that makes the assassination possible. The murder happens because Brutus joins the conspiracy, and Brutus joins because of what Cassius starts here — so every later event, from the killing to the civil war, traces back to this conversation. It also sets the play's two central ironies in motion: Caesar reads Cassius perfectly and does nothing about it, and the crown-refusal is kept offstage, filtered through Casca's sour account, so no one — including the audience — ever learns whether Caesar truly wanted it. Cut this scene and the play has no conspiracy, no ides-of-March countdown, and no forged letters, which means no Brutus.
Key decisions and motivations
Cassius makes two choices that define him: to recruit Brutus with flattery dressed up as honesty, and — once alone — to deceive him outright with forged letters, because he has judged that even Brutus's 'honourable material' can be 'bent away from its natural shape.' Brutus chooses to listen but not commit, and in doing so reveals the lever Cassius needs: he declares he loves 'the name of honour more than I fear dying,' which tells Cassius exactly what bait to use. Caesar makes the scene's most fatal choice — he dismisses the soothsayer and overrides his own accurate reading of Cassius, insisting he is telling Antony 'what ought to be feared, not what I fear — because I am always Caesar.' The public image wins over the survival instinct, twice in one scene.
Themes in this scene
The controlling idea is the gap between public image and private self. Cassius's mirror metaphor makes it explicit — the eye cannot see itself — and the offstage crown scene dramatizes it: Caesar performs humility for the crowd, even offering them his throat, while (in Casca's telling) his fingers hate leaving the coronet. Against this the scene sets fate versus self-determination — 'the failure, dear Brutus, isn't in the stars above us but in ourselves' — and shows honour itself becoming a tool of manipulation: Brutus's best quality is precisely what Cassius plans to exploit.
Common questions about this scene
- Did Caesar actually want the crown?
- The play deliberately won't let you know for sure. Shakespeare keeps the moment offstage and gives it to Casca, a hostile witness, who says Caesar pushed the coronet away 'each time less firmly' and 'hated taking his fingers off it' — but that's interpretation, not fact. The refusal itself may be theater: refusing a crown three times before a cheering crowd is exactly how an ambitious man tests and builds public appetite for giving him one.
- How does Cassius persuade Brutus, and why does it work?
- He never argues policy — he works on Brutus's self-image. The mirror move ('I'll be your glass') frames flattery as revelation: respected Romans supposedly wish Brutus could see his own worth. Then his stories attack Caesar's body rather than his politics — the near-drowning, the fever, the 'sick girl' cry — to make inequality feel absurd: why should one mortal, physically weaker than either of them, become a god? It works because Brutus already fears the kingship and wants to believe his intervention would be honourable.
- What does Cassius's soliloquy at the end reveal?
- That the recruitment was manipulation, not partnership. Cassius admits Brutus's noble nature can be 'bent,' and decides to forge letters from fake citizens praising Brutus and hinting at Caesar's ambition — meaning Brutus will join the conspiracy partly because of evidence Cassius invented. It reframes everything Cassius just said as technique, and it plants the play's tragedy: Brutus will kill for a public voice that was never real.
Keep reading
- Act 1, Scene 1 — modern English translation
- Act 1, Scene 3 — modern English translation
- All Julius Caesar scenes
About this translation: the original text follows the public-domain Project Gutenberg Globe edition; the modern English translation was written in-house for Polytranslator and is reviewed on an ongoing basis (last revised August 2026). Free to print and photocopy for classroom use. Cite as: “Julius Caesar, Act 1, Scene 2. Polytranslator side-by-side translation, polytranslator.com/shakespeare/julius-caesar/act-1-scene-2.”
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