| 我 | pronome | I | |
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| 汝 | pronome | you | |
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| 彼 | pronome | he | |
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| 我輩 | pronome | we | 我輩今日偕行。 We go together today. |
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| 彼等 | pronome | they | |
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| 何 | pronome | what | |
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| 安 | advérbio | where | |
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| 何時 | advérbio | when | |
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| 誰 | pronome | who | |
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| 何故 | advérbio | why | |
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| 如何 | advérbio | how | |
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| 為 | verbo | to be | |
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| 有 | verbo | to have | |
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| 為 | verbo | to do | 彼等為大功。 They do great work. |
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| 往 | verbo | to go | |
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| 來 | verbo | to come | 彼等明日來。 They come tomorrow. |
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| 見 | verbo | to see | |
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| 知 | verbo | to know | |
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| 思 | verbo | to think | |
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| 欲 | verbo | to want | |
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| 須 | verbo | to need | |
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| 作 | verbo | to make | 彼等作善餅。 They make good bread. |
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| 取 | verbo | to take | |
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| 與 | verbo | to give | |
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| 曰 | verbo | to say | |
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| 告 | verbo | to tell | |
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| 問 | verbo | to ask | |
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| 得 | verbo | to find | |
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| 視 | verbo | to look | |
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| 用 | verbo | to use | |
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| 作 | verbo | to work | 彼等日日作。 They work every day. |
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| 食 | verbo | to eat | |
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| 飲 | verbo | to drink | 汝飲冷水。 You drink cold water. |
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| 寢 | verbo | to sleep | 子今寢。 The child sleeps now. |
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| 行 | verbo | to walk | 我輩行至城。 We walk to the city. |
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| 走 | verbo | to run | |
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| 讀 | verbo | to read | |
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| 書 | verbo | to write | |
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| 言 | verbo | to speak | 彼等欣然而言。 They speak with joy. |
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| 聽 | verbo | to listen | |
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| 聞 | verbo | to hear | |
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| 買 | verbo | to buy | 我輩買新果。 We buy fresh fruit. |
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| 賣 | verbo | to sell | 彼等於此賣茶。 They sell tea here. |
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| 償 | verbo | to pay | |
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| 助 | verbo | to help | 朋友相助。 Friends help each other. |
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| 愛 | verbo | to love | |
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| 居 | verbo | to live | 彼等居於城。 They live in the city. |
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| 死 | verbo | to die | 人皆有死。 All men die someday. |
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| 學 | verbo | to learn | 童子於學而學。 Children learn at school. |
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| 教 | verbo | to teach | 父教其子。 Fathers teach their sons. |
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| 開 | verbo | to open | |
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| 閉 | verbo | to close | 徐閉書。 Close the book gently. |
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| 人 | substantivo | person | |
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| 男子 | substantivo | man | |
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| 女子 | substantivo | woman | 女子飲茶。 The woman drinks tea. |
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| 子 | substantivo | child | |
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| 男童 | substantivo | boy | |
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| 女童 | substantivo | girl | |
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| 家 | substantivo | family | |
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| 母 | substantivo | mother | |
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| 父 | substantivo | father | 其父教之。 His father teaches him. |
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| 友 | substantivo | friend | 今日有友來。 A friend came today. |
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| 屋 | substantivo | house | |
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| 家 | substantivo | home | |
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| 學 | substantivo | school | 學在近。 The school is nearby. |
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| 城 | substantivo | city | |
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| 國 | substantivo | country | 國求安。 The country seeks peace. |
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| 天下 | substantivo | world | 天下變速。 The world changes quickly. |
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| 街 | substantivo | street | |
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| 室 | substantivo | room | |
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| 時 | substantivo | time | |
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| 日 | substantivo | day | |
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| 夜 | substantivo | night | |
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| 旦 | substantivo | morning | |
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| 夕 | substantivo | evening | 夕於此涼。 Evening is cool here. |
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| 週 | substantivo | week | |
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| 月 | substantivo | month | 一月疾過。 One month passed quickly. |
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| 年 | substantivo | year | |
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| 今日 | advérbio | today | |
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| 明日 | advérbio | tomorrow | |
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| 昨日 | advérbio | yesterday | |
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| 今 | advérbio | now | |
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| 日 | substantivo | sun | |
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| 月 | substantivo | moon | |
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| 星 | substantivo | star | 一星耀於上。 One star shines above. |
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| 天 | substantivo | sky | |
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| 地 | substantivo | earth | |
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| 火 | substantivo | fire | 火明燃。 The fire burns bright. |
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| 水 | substantivo | water | |
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| 雨 | substantivo | rain | 雨竟夜而下。 Rain falls all night. |
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| 風 | substantivo | wind | |
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| 樹 | substantivo | tree | |
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| 花 | substantivo | flower | 花美。 The flower is beautiful. |
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| 山 | substantivo | mountain | |
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| 川 | substantivo | river | 川東流。 The river flows east. |
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| 海 | substantivo | sea | |
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| 食 | substantivo | food | |
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| 餅 | substantivo | bread | |
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| 飯 | substantivo | rice | |
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| 肉 | substantivo | meat | |
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| 魚 | substantivo | fish | |
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| 卵 | substantivo | egg | |
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| 乳 | substantivo | milk | 子飲乳。 The child drinks milk. |
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| 果 | substantivo | fruit | 我輩食甘果。 We eat sweet fruit. |
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| 茶 | substantivo | tea | |
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| 首 | substantivo | head | |
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| 目 | substantivo | eye | |
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| 耳 | substantivo | ear | |
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| 口 | substantivo | mouth | 張汝口。 Open your mouth wide. |
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| 鼻 | substantivo | nose | |
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| 手 | substantivo | hand | 今濯汝手。 Wash your hands now. |
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| 足 | substantivo | foot | |
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| 心 | substantivo | heart | |
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| 名 | substantivo | name | |
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| 書 | substantivo | book | |
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| 字 | substantivo | word | |
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| 言 | substantivo | language | 言移思。 Language shapes thought. |
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| 錢 | substantivo | money | |
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| 功 | substantivo | work | |
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| 愛 | substantivo | love | 愛致大樂。 Love brings great joy. |
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| 樂 | substantivo | music | 樂美。 The music is beautiful. |
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| 事 | substantivo | story | |
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| 道 | substantivo | way | |
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| 物 | substantivo | thing | 彼物異。 That thing is strange. |
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| 生 | substantivo | life | |
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| 門 | substantivo | door | |
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| 几 | substantivo | table | |
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| 椅 | substantivo | chair | |
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| 善 | adjetivo | good | |
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| 惡 | adjetivo | bad | |
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| 大 | adjetivo | big | |
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| 小 | adjetivo | small | |
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| 新 | adjetivo | new | 我買新書。 I bought a new book. |
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| 舊 | adjetivo | old | |
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| 長 | adjetivo | long | |
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| 短 | adjetivo | short | |
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| 高 | adjetivo | high | |
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| 下 | adjetivo | low | |
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| 熱 | adjetivo | hot | |
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| 冷 | adjetivo | cold | |
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| 樂 | adjetivo | happy | 子樂。 The child feels happy. |
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| 哀 | adjetivo | sad | |
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| 美 | adjetivo | beautiful | 花美。 The flower is beautiful. |
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| 易 | adjetivo | easy | |
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| 難 | adjetivo | hard | |
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| 疾 | adjetivo | fast | |
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| 徐 | adjetivo | slow | |
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| 是 | adjetivo | right | 汝答是。 Your answer is right. |
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| 非 | adjetivo | wrong | |
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| 重 | adjetivo | important | 此事重。 This matter is important. |
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| 真 | adjetivo | true | |
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| 滿 | adjetivo | full | |
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| 空 | adjetivo | empty | |
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| 幼 | adjetivo | young | |
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| 強 | adjetivo | strong | |
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| 弱 | adjetivo | weak | |
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| 赤 | adjetivo | red | |
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| 青 | adjetivo | blue | |
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| 青 | adjetivo | green | |
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| 黃 | adjetivo | yellow | |
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| 黑 | adjetivo | black | |
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| 白 | adjetivo | white | |
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| 然 | interjeição | yes | |
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| 否 | interjeição | no | |
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| 不 | advérbio | not | |
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| 與 | conjunção | and | 茶與飯皆具。 Tea and rice are ready. |
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| 或 | conjunção | or | 茶或水皆可。 Tea or water is fine. |
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| 然 | conjunção | but | 彼貧然樂。 He is poor but happy. |
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| 若 | conjunção | if | 若汝來,我喜。 If you come, I rejoice. |
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| 以 | conjunção | because | 我留,以雨也。 I stay because it rains. |
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| 與 | preposição | with | 我與吾友往。 I go with my friend. |
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| 無 | preposição | without | 彼無錢而去。 He left without money. |
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| 為 | preposição | for | 此物為汝。 This gift is for you. |
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| 自 | preposição | from | 我自城來。 I came from the city. |
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| 至 | preposição | to | |
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